MyFTB account2023 Instructions for Form FTB 3506 Child and Dependent Care Expenses Credit
General Information
Attach the completed form FTB 3506, Child and Dependent Care Expenses Credit, to your Form 540, California Resident Income Tax Return, or Form 540NR, California Nonresident or Part-Year Resident Income Tax Return, if you claim the child and dependent care expenses credit.
The child and dependent care expenses credit is nonrefundable.
Registered Domestic Partners (RDPs) – For purposes of California income tax, references to a spouse, husband, or wife also refer to a California RDP, unless otherwise specified. When we use the initials RDP, they refer to both a California registered domestic “partner” and a California registered domestic “partnership,” as applicable. For more information on RDPs, get FTB Pub. 737, Tax Information for Registered Domestic Partners.
A. Purpose
You may qualify to claim the 2023 credit for child and dependent care expenses if you (and your spouse/RDP) paid someone in California to care for your child or other qualifying person while you worked or looked for employment. You must have earned income to do so. If you qualify to claim the credit, use form FTB 3506 to figure the amount of your credit.
If you received dependent care benefits for 2023 but do not qualify to claim the credit, you are not required to complete form FTB 3506. For additional definitions, requirements, and instructions, get federal Form 2441, Child and Dependent Care Expenses.
B. Differences in California and Federal Law
The differences between California and federal law are as follows:
- California allows this credit only for care provided in California.
- If you were a nonresident, you must have earned wages from working in California or earned self-employment income from California business activities.
- The California credit is a percentage of the federal credit.
- RDPs may file a joint California return and claim this credit. For more information, get FTB Pub. 737.
C. Qualifications
You may take the credit if all eight of the following apply.
- If you are married or an RDP, you must file a joint tax return. For an exception, see Section E, Married Persons or RDPs Filing Separate Tax Returns.
- Care must be provided in California for one or more qualifying persons. See Section D, Qualifying Person Defined.
- You paid for care so you (and your spouse/RDP) could work or look for work. However, if you did not find a job and have no earned income, you do not qualify for the credit. If your spouse/RDP was a student or disabled, see the instructions for Part III, line 5.
- You (and your spouse/RDP) must have earned income (wages or self-employment income) during the year. See the instructions for Part III, line 4, for more information on earned income.
- You and the qualifying person(s) live in the same home for more than half the year.
- The person who provided care was not your spouse/RDP, the parent of your qualifying child, or a person for whom you can claim a dependent exemption. If your child provided the care, the child must have been age 19 or older by the end of 2023.
- You report the required information about the care provider(s) in Part II, line 1, and the information about the qualifying person(s) in Part III, line 2.
- Your federal adjusted gross income (AGI) is $100,000 or less.
D. Qualifying Person Defined
Rules for Most People
A qualifying person is:
- A child under age 13 who meets the requirements to be your dependent as a Qualifying Child. A child who turned 13 during the year qualifies only for the part of the year when he or she was 12 years old; or
- Your spouse/RDP who was physically or mentally incapable of self-care; or
- Any person who was physically or mentally incapable of self-care and either:
- Was your dependent.
- Would have been your dependent except that:
- He or she received gross income of $4,700 or more.
- He or she filed a joint tax return.
- You, or your spouse/RDP if filing a joint tax return, could be claimed as a dependent on someone else’s 2023 tax return.
Qualifying Child
A Qualifying Child is a child who meets all of the following tests:
- Relationship Test – The child must be your son, daughter, stepchild, adopted child, eligible foster child, brother, sister, half-brother, half-sister, stepbrother, stepsister, or a descendant of one of these. An adopted child includes a child who has been lawfully placed with you for legal adoption even if the adoption is not yet final. An eligible foster child must be placed with you by an authorized placement agency or by a court.
- Age Test – For the purposes of qualifying for the Child and Dependent Care Expenses Credit, the child must be under age 13.
- Residency Test – The child must live with you for more than half the year.
- Support Test – The child must not have provided more than half of his or her own support.
- Joint Return Test – The child must not have filed a joint federal or state income tax return with his or her spouse/RDP.
- Citizenship Test – The child must be a citizen or national of the U.S. or a resident of the U.S., Canada, or Mexico.
Tie-Breaker Rules: Qualifying Child of More Than One Person*
If an individual may be claimed as a qualifying child by two or more taxpayers for the same taxable year, the following rules apply:
| If… | Then the child will be treated as the qualifying child of the… |
|---|---|
| Only one of the persons is the child’s parent | Parent. |
| Both of the persons are the child’s parent but they do not file a joint return | Parent with whom the child lived for the longer period of time during the year. If the child lived with both parents for the same amount of time, the parent who had the higher AGI for the year. |
| The child’s parents can claim the child as a qualifying person but neither parent does | Person with the highest AGI of all persons claiming the child, but only if that person’s AGI is higher than the highest AGI of any of the child’s parents. |
| No parent can claim the child as a qualifying child | Person with the highest AGI of all persons claiming the child. |
*These rules assume all other qualifying child requirements are satisfied.
Divorced, RDP Terminated, Separated, or Never-Married Parents
For divorced, RDP terminated, separated, or never-married parents, special rules apply in determining if your child meets the requirements to be your qualifying person. When parents file separate returns, only one parent qualifies to claim a child as a qualifying person.
Even if both parents pay for child care for the same child, both parents cannot qualify for the credit. Some custody agreements designate which parent is entitled to the credit. However, the designated parent must meet all the qualifications in Section C, Qualifications, to claim the credit. To verify that your child meets the requirements to be your qualifying person, use the table below.
Rules for divorced, RDP terminated, separated, or never-married parents
| If | And | Then |
|---|---|---|
ALL four of the following apply:
|
You were the custodial parent and you can claim the dependent exemption credit for the child. | The child is your qualifying person. |
| You were the custodial parent and under the provisions of a decree of divorce, legal separation, termination of registered domestic partnership, or a written separation agreement, the noncustodial parent claimed the dependent exemption credit, or you signed a statement releasing the dependent exemption credit to the noncustodial parent. | The child is your qualifying person. | |
| You are not the custodial parent. | The child is not your qualifying person. | |
| One or more of the four statements above do not apply. | Not Applicable | Use the “Rules for Most People” in Section D. |
Custodial Parent and Noncustodial Parent – The custodial parent is the parent with whom the child lived for the greater number of nights during the year. The other parent is the noncustodial parent. If the child lived with each parent for an equal number of nights during the year, the custodial parent is the parent with the higher AGI.
Parent Works at Night – If, due to a parent’s night-time work schedule, a child lives for a greater number of days, but not nights, with the parent who works at night, that parent is treated as the custodial parent. On a school day, the child is treated as living at the primary residence registered with the school.
E. Married Persons or RDPs Filing Separate Tax Returns
Generally, if you are married or an RDP, you must file a joint tax return to claim the credit. However, you can take the credit on your separate tax return if:
- You meet all three requirements below:
- You lived apart from your spouse/RDP at all times during the last six months of 2023.
- The qualifying person(s) lived in your home for more than half of 2023.
- You provided over half the cost of keeping up your home.
- You meet all the other qualifications in Section C, Qualifications.
F. Nonresidents and Part-Year Residents
- You must complete and attach Schedule CA (540NR), California Adjustments – Nonresidents or Part-Year Residents, to your tax return, Form 540NR. If Part I of Schedule CA (540NR) is not fully completed, we may disallow your credit.
- Nonresidents must have earned income from California sources to qualify for the credit. A nonresident servicemember’s military wages are considered earned income from a California source for the purpose of qualifying for the credit.
- Part-year residents must have earned income while a California resident or earned income from California sources while a nonresident to qualify for the credit.
G. Military Personnel
For the purposes of this credit, active duty pay is considered earned income from California sources, regardless of whether the servicemember is domiciled in California. The federal Military Spouses Residency Relief Act may affect the credit requirements for spouses of military servicemembers. For more information, get FTB Pub. 1032, Tax Information for Military Personnel.
Specific Line Instructions
Part I – Unearned Income and Other Funds Received in 2023
List the source and amount of any money you received in 2023 that is not included in your earned income (Part III, line 4 and line 5) but that was used to support your household. Include child support, property settlements, public assistance benefits, court awards, inheritances, insurance proceeds, pensions and annuities, social security payments, workers’ compensation, unemployment compensation, interest, and dividends.
Part II – Persons or Organizations Who Provided the Care in California
Line 1
Complete line 1a through line 1g for each person or organization that provided the care in California. Only care provided in California qualifies for the credit. Use federal Form W-10, Dependent Care Provider’s Identification and Certification, or any other source listed in the instructions for federal Form W-10 to get the information from your care provider. If your provider does not give you the information, complete as much of the information as possible and explain that your provider did not give you the information you requested.
If you do not give correct and complete information, we may disallow your credit unless you can show you used due diligence in trying to get the required information.
Line 1a through Line 1c
Enter your California care provider’s complete name (or business name), address, and telephone number (including the area code). If you do not give complete information, we may disallow your credit. We may contact your care provider to verify the information you provide.
If you were covered by your employer’s dependent care plan and your employer furnished the care (either at your workplace or by hiring a care provider), enter your employer’s name on line 1a. Next, enter “See W-2” on line 1b. Complete line 1c through line 1f. Then leave line 1g blank. But, if your employer paid a third party (not hired by your employer) on your behalf to provide care, you must provide information on the third party on line 1a through line 1g.
Line 1d
For each care provider, check one box indicating whether the care provider is a person or organization.
Line 1e
| If your care provider is | Then enter on line 1e |
|---|---|
| An individual | The provider’s social security number (SSN) or Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN). |
| Not an individual | The provider’s federal employer identification number (FEIN). |
| A tax-exempt organization | “Tax-exempt.” |
Line 1f
Enter the complete physical address where the care was provided. A post office box is not acceptable. If you do not provide correct or complete information, your credit may be disallowed. Only care provided in California qualifies for the credit.
Line 1g
Enter the total amount you actually paid in 2023 to your care provider for care provided in California. Also include amounts your employer paid to a third party on your behalf. It does not matter when the expenses were incurred. Do not reduce this amount by any reimbursement you received.
We may ask you to provide proof of payment. Cash payments without verifiable documentation may not be accepted.
Part III – Credit for Child and Dependent Care Expenses
Line 2
Complete column (a) through column (e) for each qualifying person for whom care was provided in California. If claiming more than three qualifying persons, attach a sheet of paper to your tax return with the required information and write “see attached.” Write your name and SSN or ITIN on the sheet.
Column (a)
Enter each qualifying person’s name.
Column (b)
Enter each qualifying person’s SSN. Verify that the name and SSN match the qualifying person’s social security card to avoid the reduction or disallowance of your credit. If the qualifying person does not have and cannot get an SSN but has been issued an ITIN, enter the qualifying person’s ITIN in the space for the SSN. If the person was born in, and later died in, 2023, and does not have an SSN or an ITIN, enter “Died” in column (b) and attach a copy of the person’s birth and death certificates.
Column (c)
Enter the qualifying person’s date of birth (mm/dd/yyyy) in the space provided or if the qualifying person is disabled (physically or mentally incapable of self-care), check the “Yes” box. Incomplete information could result in a delay or disallowance of your credit.
Column (d)
If you shared custody of the qualifying person(s), enter the percentage of time you possessed physical custody during 2023. If you have 50% or less physical custody of your child, you do not qualify for the credit.
Column (e)
Qualified expenses are amounts paid for the care of your qualifying person while you worked or looked for work.
Enter the qualified expenses you incurred and paid in 2023 for the qualifying person(s). Include only the qualified expenses for care provided in California. If the child turned 13 years old during the year, include only the qualified expenses for the part of the year the child was 12 years old.
Do not include in column (e) qualified expenses:
- You incurred in 2023 but did not pay until 2024. You may be able to use these expenses to increase your 2024 credit.
- You incurred in 2022 but did not pay until 2023. Instead, see instructions for line 11.
- You prepaid in 2023 for care to be provided in 2024. These expenses may only be used to figure your 2024 credit.
A qualified expense does not include the amount you paid for education (school tuition) or the amount you received through a subsidy program.
| Qualified expenses include: | Qualified expenses do not include: |
|---|---|
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Line 4
| Earned income includes: | Earned income does not include: |
|---|---|
|
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| Nonresidents and Part-Year Residents Only: Earned income from California sources includes: | Earned income does not include: |
|---|---|
|
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Line 5
Spouse/RDP Who Was a Student or Disabled
Your spouse/RDP was a student if he or she was enrolled as a full-time student at a school during any 5 months of 2023. A school does not include a night school or correspondence school.
Your spouse/RDP was disabled if he or she was not capable of self-care.
Figure your spouse’s/RDP’s earned income on a monthly basis.
For each month your spouse/RDP was a full-time student or disabled, enter on line 5 the larger of the following:
- Your spouse’s/RDP’s actual earned income for that month.
- $250 ($500, if you have 2 or more qualifying persons).
If, in the same month, both you and your spouse/RDP qualified as either full-time students or disabled, only one of you receive treatment as having earned income of $250 (or $500) in that month. For any month that your spouse/RDP was not a full-time student or disabled, use your spouse’s/RDP’s actual earned income for that month.
Line 7
Use the chart below to determine the decimal amount to enter on line 7. Your federal AGI is on Form 540, line 13 or Form 540NR, line 13. For military personnel domiciled outside of California, use your federal AGI less your military pay to determine the decimal amount to enter on line 7.
| If your federal AGI is: | The decimal amount to enter on line 7 is: | |
|---|---|---|
| Over | But not over | |
| $0 | $15,000 | .35 |
| 15,000 | 17,000 | .34 |
| 17,000 | 19,000 | .33 |
| 19,000 | 21,000 | .32 |
| 21,000 | 23,000 | .31 |
| 23,000 | 25,000 | .30 |
| 25,000 | 27,000 | .29 |
| 27,000 | 29,000 | .28 |
| 29,000 | 31,000 | .27 |
| 31,000 | 33,000 | .26 |
| 33,000 | 35,000 | .25 |
| 35,000 | 37,000 | .24 |
| 37,000 | 39,000 | .23 |
| 39,000 | 41,000 | .22 |
| 41,000 | 43,000 | .21 |
| 43,000 | No limit | .20 |
Line 9
Use the chart below to determine the decimal amount to enter on line 9. For military personnel domiciled outside of California, use your federal AGI less your military pay to determine the decimal amount to enter on line 9.
| If your federal AGI from Form 540, line 13 or Form 540NR, line 13 is: | The decimal amount to enter on line 9 is: |
|---|---|
| $40,000 or less | .50 |
| Over $40,000 but not over $70,000 | .43 |
| Over $70,000 but not over $100,000 | .34 |
| Over $100,000 | Stop. You do not qualify for this credit. |
Line 11
If you had qualified expenses for care that was provided in 2022 that you paid for in 2023, and you did not claim a credit on the maximum amount of qualified expenses for 2022, you may be able to increase your credit for 2023. Complete the Worksheet on Side 2 of form FTB 3506. See Worksheet instructions.
Part IV – Dependent Care Benefits
Line 13
Dependent care benefits are:
- Amounts an employer paid directly to you (or your spouse/RDP), or to your care provider for the care of your qualifying person(s), while you worked.
- A day-care facility provided by your employer.
- Generally deducted from your salary.
- Shown in box 10 of your 2023 federal Form(s) W-2, Wage and Tax Statement. Do not include on line 13 amounts reported in box 10 that exceed your plan's exclusion and are therefore reported as wages in box 1 of your 2023 federal Form(s) W-2.
Line 14
Enter the amount from federal Form 2441, line 13.
Line 15
If you had a flexible spending account, any amount included on line 13 that you did not receive because you did not incur the expense is considered forfeited. Do not include amounts you expect to receive at a future date.
Line 17
Enter the total of all qualified expenses incurred in 2023. It does not matter when the expenses were paid.
A qualified expense does not include the amount you paid for education (school tuition) or the amount you received through a subsidy program.
Example: You received $2,000 cash under your employer’s dependent care plan for 2023. The $2,000 is shown in box 10 of your federal Form W-2. You incurred $900 of qualified expenses in 2023 for the care of your 3-year-old dependent child. Enter $900 on line 17, but report the entire $2,000 on line 13.
For all other lines, follow specific line instructions on the form. For additional information, get federal Form 2441 or federal Pub. 503, Child and Dependent Care Expenses.
Line 20
If you are married or an RDP filing a separate return and you meet the requirements of Section E, Married Persons or RDPs Filing Separate Tax Returns, item 1, then enter your earned income from line 19. On line 22, enter $5,000.
If you were married or an RDP and filed a separate return but did not meet the requirements of Section E, Married Persons or RDPs Filing Separate Tax Returns, item 1, then enter your spouse’s/RDP’s earned income. If your spouse/RDP was a student or disabled in 2023, see the instructions for line 5. On line 22, enter $2,500.
Worksheet – Credit for 2022 Expenses Paid in 2023
You will need a copy of your 2022 California tax return to complete the worksheet.
Line 12 and Line 14
You need the 2022 form FTB 3506 instructions to complete the Credit for 2022 Expenses Paid in 2023 Worksheet, on Side 2. Forms are available at ftb.ca.gov/forms or by calling 800-338-0505.
Line 12
Enter the decimal amount from the chart in the line 7 instructions of the 2022 form FTB 3506 that corresponds to your 2022 federal AGI.
Line 14
Enter the decimal amount from the chart in the line 9 instructions of the 2022 form FTB 3506 that corresponds to your 2022 California AGI.
Franchise Tax Board Privacy Notice on Collection
Our privacy notice can be found in annual tax booklets or online. Go to ftb.ca.gov/privacy to learn about our privacy policy statement, or go to ftb.ca.gov/forms and search for 1131 to locate FTB 1131 EN-SP, Franchise Tax Board Privacy Notice on Collection – Aviso de Privacidad del Franchise Tax Board sobre la Recaudación. To request this notice by mail, call 800-338-0505 and enter form code 948 when instructed.